//  File: NoOverriding.java

//  Shows what is returned by the toString method inherited from superclass
//  Object when called (explicitly and implicitly) for a subclass object.

//  Also shows that the inherited "equals" method works exactly like
//  the "==" operator. I.e., it  compares the object references themselves and
//  NOT the actual objects "pointed to."  So, it returns true when the object
//  variables contain the same reference (i.e., point to the same object), and 
//  false otherwise. 

//  Demonstrates why you should always override these methods in your classes. 

class Car 
{
	private String make ;
	private String color ;
	
	public Car(String make, String color) 		// constructor
	{		
		this.make = make ;
		this.color = color ;
	}
	
	public String getMake()
	{
		return make ;
	}
	
	public String getColor()
	{
		return color ;
	}
}

public class NoOverriding 
{
	public static void main(String args[]) 
	{
		Car myCar = new Car("Hummer", "yellow") ;
		Car yourCar = new Car("Ferrari", "black") ;
	
		System.out.println("Initially, myCar is a " + myCar.getColor() + " " +
		                    myCar.getMake() ) ;
		System.out.println("Initially, yourCar is a " + yourCar.getColor() + 
		                   " " + yourCar.getMake() ) ;

		System.out.print("\nOutput from " +
		                   "System.out.println( myCar.toString() ) : ") ;

		// calling inherited toString method explicitly
		System.out.println( myCar.toString() ) ;
		
		System.out.print("\nOutput from " + 
		                 "System.out.println( yourCar ) : ") ;
		
		// calling inherited toString method implicitly
		System.out.println( yourCar ) ;
		
		if (myCar == yourCar)
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar == yourCar\" is true") ;
		else
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar == yourCar\" is false") ;
		  
		if (myCar.equals(yourCar))
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar.equals(yourCar)\" is true") ;
		else
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar.equals(yourCar)\" is false") ;
		  
		myCar = yourCar ;
		
		System.out.println("\nafter assigning \"myCar = yourCar\" ...") ;
		
		if (myCar == yourCar)
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar == yourCar\" is true") ;
		else
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar == yourCar\" is false") ;
		  
		if (myCar.equals(yourCar))
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar.equals(yourCar)\" is true") ;
		else
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar.equals(yourCar)\" is false") ;
		  
		myCar = new Car("Ferrari", "black") ;

		System.out.println("\nafter assigning " +
		                  "\"myCar = new Car(\"Ferrari\", \"black\")\" ...") ;
		
		if (myCar == yourCar)
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar == yourCar\" is true") ;
		else
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar == yourCar\" is false") ;
		  
		if (myCar.equals(yourCar))
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar.equals(yourCar)\" is true") ;
		else
		  System.out.println("\n\"myCar.equals(yourCar)\" is false") ;
	}
}
		
/* Program output:

Initially, myCar is a yellow Hummer
Initially, yourCar is a black Ferrari

Output from System.out.println( myCar.toString() ) : Car@ba34f2

Output from System.out.println( myCar ) : Car@ea2dfe

"myCar == yourCar" is false

"myCar.equals(yourCar)" is false

after assigning "myCar = yourCar" ...

"myCar == yourCar" is true

"myCar.equals(yourCar)" is true

after assigning "myCar = new Car("Ferrari", "black")" ...

"myCar == yourCar" is false

"myCar.equals(yourCar)" is false

*/